天坛的传说【双语阅读】

中文阅读

【#天坛的传说#】天坛始建于明永乐十八年（1420），明清两代帝王在此祭天、祈谷和祈雨。天坛的传说因天坛建筑和皇帝祭天大典而萌生和发展。“天人合一”宇宙观的融入，使天坛建筑群具有神圣而独特的寓意，成为相关传说发生和繁盛的重要驱动因素。天坛传说在北京市民中广为流传，特别是在天坛周边的地区金鱼池、法塔寺、四块玉、天桥等，尤其盛传不衰，是北京本土文化的一支奇葩。天坛传说大致包括天坛建立传说、景物传说、民俗传说、坛根儿传说、相关人物传说五个部分。

天坛传说以口头民间文学特有的流传延续模式，在社会群体中传承。数百年来，一直以口口相传的方式代代相传。20世纪80年代，崇文区文化馆（现东城区第二文化馆）、天坛公园管理处采录编辑了《崇文民间文学选编》和《天坛景物传说》。2005年全国非遗普查以来，崇文区非物质文化遗产保护中心（现东城区非物质文化遗产保护中心）又组织力量新收集采录了一批天坛传说。

天坛传说有深厚的历史、文化和文学价值。其一，它体现了“天为阳，地为阴”、“天圆地方”、“天人合一”、“天人感应”等一系列中国人的宇宙观。其二，无论是与天坛建筑和功能相关的，抑或是阴阳相济的哲学观念，与帝王形迹、与礼俗相关的传说，都是从平民百姓的立场所作的阐释与演绎。其三，天坛的传说传播途径多种多样，在传播中具有广泛性和延伸性。

英文翻译

Legends of the Temple of Heaven

The Temple of Heaven was initially constructed in the 18th year of the Ming Dynasty's Yongle reign (1420), where emperors from the Ming and Qing dynasties conducted rituals for sacrificing to heaven, praying for grains, and seeking rain. The legends of the Temple of Heaven sprouted and developed due to the temple's architecture and the imperial sacrificial ceremonies. The integration of the "unity of heaven and man" cosmology endowed the temple complex with a sacred and unique significance, becoming a crucial driving factor for the emergence and flourishing of related legends. These legends are widely circulated among Beijing residents, especially in areas surrounding the temple such as Jinyuchi, Fatasi, Sikuaiyu, and Tianqiao, representing a unique branch of Beijing's local culture. The legends of the Temple of Heaven generally comprise five parts: legends of the temple's establishment, legends of its scenery, folklore, "tan gen er" (temple root) legends, and legends related to specific figures.

The legends of the Temple of Heaven have been passed down through generations via the unique transmission mode of oral folk literature within social groups. For hundreds of years, they have been transmitted orally from one generation to the next. In the 1980s, the Chongwen District Cultural Center (now the Dongcheng District Second Cultural Center) and the Temple of Heaven Park Management Office compiled and edited "Selected Folk Literature of Chongwen" and "Legends of the Scenery of the Temple of Heaven." Since the national intangible cultural heritage census in 2005, the Chongwen District Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center (now the Dongcheng District Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center) has organized efforts to collect and record a new batch of Temple of Heaven legends.

The legends of the Temple of Heaven possess profound historical, cultural, and literary value. Firstly, they embody a series of Chinese cosmological views such as "heaven is yang, earth is yin," "heaven is round, earth is square," "unity of heaven and man," and "heaven-man resonance." Secondly, whether related to the temple's architecture and functions, the philosophical concept of the balance of yin and yang, imperial activities, or rituals, these legends are interpretations and elaborations from the perspective of ordinary people. Thirdly, the transmission of the Temple of Heaven legends is diverse, exhibiting breadth and extensibility in their dissemination.

标签 : 天坛 天坛的传说